Aggressive Behavior Comparisons of TibetanMacaques from Mt. Huangshan, China (Macaca thibetana) According to Their Age and Sex

To investigate the relationship between monkey-human aggressive behaviors and age/sex classes of monkey (initiator) and human (recipient)，by using all-occurrence sampling and continuous recording, we evaluated the monkey-human aggressive behaviors between macaques (Macaca thibetana) and tourists at Mt. Huangshan in two periods (Nov. − Dec.2008 and Apr. − May 2009). After we divide the aggression into three types according to the dangerous level to tourists, some significant patterns were observed.Our observations indicate that Tibetan macaques respond differently to human according to the age/sex classes involved. On one hand, We found that the adult male monkeys tend to be more aggressive than expected (P<0.01), while the adult female monkeys and immature monkeys participated in AGⅢ behaviors (threat) less than expected (P<0.01); On the other hand, The adult male human received more aggressive behaviors than expected ( P< 0.01), while the adult female human and child received less aggressive in AGⅢ behaviors (threat) (P<0.01). Our results provide not only a scientific basis for the management advice that adult male monkeys and adult male human should be given special attention, but also a good management model of Huangshan for other primate tourist exploring places.